Leaded Commercial Bronze, Nickel Bearing Copper Alloy - CDA 316
Leaded Commercial Bronze, Nickel Bearing Copper Alloy (CDA 316) is a copper alloy composed of approximately 87% copper, 9% zinc, 2% lead, and small amounts of nickel. Adding nickel adds to its strength, corrosion resistance, and wear properties.
The lead content improves machinability, making it suitable for precision components. CDA 316 is known for its durability and its resistance to harsh environments, making it ideal for industrial and mechanical applications.
Chemical Composition
Element |
Composition (%) |
Copper (Cu) |
85.0 - 90.0 |
Lead (Pb) |
1.5 - 3.0 |
Nickel (Ni) |
1.0 - 2.0 |
Zinc (Zn) |
Rem. |
Iron (Fe) |
0.25 max |
Manganese (Mn) |
0.5 max |
Tin (Sn) |
0.5 max |
Aluminum (Al) |
0.2 max |
Antimony (Sb) |
0.05 max |
Phosphorus (P) |
0.01 max |
Physical Properties
Property |
Value |
Density |
0.285 lb/in³ (7.90 g/cm³) |
Melting Point |
2450 - 2630°F (1390 - 1440°C) |
Electrical Resistivity |
445 microhm-cm at 68°F |
Specific Heat |
0.11 BTU/lb/°F (32 - 212°F) |
Modulus of Elasticity |
29 x 10^6 psi (200 GPa) |
Mechanical Properties
Property |
Value |
Tensile Strength (Ultimate) |
70 - 90 ksi (483 - 620 MPa) |
Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) |
30 - 60 ksi (207 - 414 MPa) |
Elongation (in 2 inches) |
10 - 25% |
Hardness (Rockwell B) |
70 - 95 HRB |
Modulus of Elasticity |
17 x 10^6 psi (117 GPa) |
Thermal Properties
Property |
Value |
Thermal Conductivity |
10.1 BTU/hr/ft²/ft/°F (14.6 W/m·K) at 212°F (100°C) |
Specific Heat Capacity |
0.11 BTU/lb·°F (450 J/kg·K) |
Coefficient of Thermal Expansion |
10.2 × 10⁻⁶ per °F (68-572 °F) |
Melting Point |
2550 - 2650°F (1390 - 1454°C) |
Density |
Approximately 0.285 lb/in³ (7.90 g/cm³) at 68°F (20°C) |
Fabrication Properties
Property |
Characteristic |
Machinability |
Excellent |
Weldability |
Good, but post-weld annealing recommended for heavy sections |
Formability |
Good for cold working; fair for hot working |
Cold Working |
Increases strength and hardness |
Hot Working Temperature Range |
1149 - 1260°F (620 - 680°C) |
Annealing Temperature |
1010 - 1120°F (543 - 605°C) |
Brazing and Soldering |
Good |
Fusion Welding |
Excellent with appropriate filler rods |
Post-Weld Treatment |
Recommended to restore corrosion resistance in welded areas |
Common Applications
Common applications of Leaded Commercial Bronze, Nickel Bearing Copper Alloy (CDA 316) include:
- Valve stems and fittings
- Gears and bearings
- Marine hardware and components
- Bushings and wear plates
- Pump components
- Electrical connectors and terminals
- Fasteners and screws
- Precision-machined parts for industrial machinery
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